HUBUNGAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DAN ALIRAN LATEKS TERHADAP PRODUKSI KARET PADA AWAL MUSIM GUGUR DAUN ALAMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.wp.v44i1.1134Keywords:
indeks penyumbatan, luas kanopi, KKK, aliran lateks, musim kemarauAbstract
Faktor internal yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi karet adalah kadar karet kering (KKK), indeks penyumbatan dan kondisi kanopi tanaman karet sedangkan faktor eksternal kondisi lingkungan seperti kadar air tanah dan kelembaban nisbi, serta interaksi kedua faktor tersebut. Dinamika perubahan musim berpengaruh terhadap produksi karet. Penelitian observasi ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan antara faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi karet pada awal musim gugur daun alami. Pengamatan dilaksanakan selama satu bulan menjelang gugur alami pada bulan Juli 2023, di Kebun Percobaan Sembawa, Sumatera Selatan. Kondisi tanaman karet selama pengamatan mulai periode gugur alami dan sedang terpapar oleh penyakit gugur daun sekunder. Tiga jenis klon karet yang diobservasi termasuk ke dalam kelompok klon metabolisme medium yaitu IRR 112, IIR 118 dan BPM 107, tahun tanam 2010, dengan posisi sadapan di B0-2. Parameter yang diamati meliputi indeks penyumbatan, KKK, luas kanopi dan kelembaban nisbi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis korelasi dan regresi antar parameter tersebut. Indeks penyumbatan berkorelasi nyata dengan produksi karet, sedangkan KKK tidak nyata korelasinya dengan produksi karet. Indeks penyumbatan berkorelasi positif dengan KKK, yaitu semakin meningkat KKK menyebabkan aliran lateks lebih pendek. Luas kanopi berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan KKK tetapi kurang berpengaruh terhadap lamanya aliran lateks. Pada awal musim kemarau dan tanaman terpapar penyakit daun, kelembaban nisbi berkorelasi negatif dengan KKK dan luas kanopi.
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