KAJIAN TEKNO EKONOMI PENDIRIAN INDUSTRI KARET BANTALAN JEMBATAN JENIS KARET ALAM DAN KARET KLOROPRENA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.wp.v36i1.337Abstract
Peningkatan konsumsi domestik karet alam melalui pemanfaatan produk karet untuk mendukung pembangunan infrastruktur menjadi solusi untuk kembali memperkuat harga karet alam yang sejak akhir tahun 2011 terus mengalami pelemahan. Produk karet bantalan jembatan yang berfungsi sebagai isolator pelindung struktur jembatan dari getaran dan beban lalu lintas berpotensi untuk dikembangkan karena permintaan tinggi di pasaran. Dalam artikel ini diulas kajian tekno-ekonomi pendirian industri karet bantalan jembatan karet alam dan kloroprena dari aspek teknik hingga ekonomi. Data primer diperoleh dengan metode survei melalui teknik wawancara kepada responden yang dipilih secara sengaja, data sekunder dilakukan dengan menerapkan teknik multiplikasi dokumen dan pencatatan data dari instansi terkait lainnya. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil kajian diketahui potensi pasar produk karet bantalan jembatan masih terbuka sebesar 57.000 di tahun 2016 dan ditetapkan kapasitas produksi sebesar 17.000 per tahun (30%) dengan komposisi 75% karet bantalan dari karet alam dan 25% dari karet kloroprena. Ukuran karet bantalan yang diproduksi mengacu pada ukuran standar yang ditetapkan oleh kementerian PUPR Jenis 1 : 350x300x36 mm (30%), Jenis 2 : 400x350x39 mm (35%), Jenis 3 : 450x400x45 mm (35%). Hasil kelayakan finansial menunjukkan bahwa industri karet bantalan jembatan dan jalan layang layak didirikan karena memberikan nilai NPV sebesar IDR 14,22 Milyar (bernilai positif atau lebih besar dari nol), IRR sebesar 20,10% (lebih besar dari faktor diskonto 14%), B/C rasio sebesar 1,22 (lebih besar dari 1) dan PBP selama 4,78 tahun. Industri ini sangat sensitif terhadap penurunan harga jual produk dan kenaikan nilai tukar USD terhadap IDR.
Kata kunci : konsumsi domestik karet alam, industri hilir karet, bantalan jembatan.
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