POLA PRODUKSI DAN INDEKS LUAS DAUN PADA TANAMAN KARET YANG TERSERANG Pestalotiopsis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.wp.v40i2.842Keywords:
BPM 24, gugur daun, keparahan penyakit, PB 260Abstract
Secaraalami,tanamankaretmenggugurkandaunsebagairesponskekeringan untuk mengantisipasi defisit air tanah pada proses transpirasi. Pengurangan jumlah daun pada tanaman karet tidak hanya terjadi akibat periode gugur daun saja, namun adanyakejadianpenyakitdaunsepertipenyakit gugur daun Pestalotiopsis juga dapat mengakibatkan tanaman melakukan gugur daun. Gugur daun dan pembentukan daun baru akan berpengaruh terhadap nilai indeks luas daun dan produksi lateks. Penelitian dilakukandiKebunPercobaanPusatPenelitian Karet Sembawa, Sumatra Selatan, pada klon PB 260 tahun tanam 2005 dan BPM 24 tahun tanam 2004 untuk mengetahui pola produksi dan nilai indeks luas daun yang terserang penyakit gugur daun Pestalotiopsis. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi produksi lateks selama satu tahun, serta pengukuran indeks luas daun dan keparahan penyakit setiapbulanselamasatutahun.Hasilpenelitianmenunjukkanpenurunannilaiindeks luas daun tidak berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap penurunan produksi lateks, namunpadasaattanamanmelakukanpembentukandaunbaru(nilaiLAImeningkat),produksilateksmengalamipenurunanyangsignifikan.Selainitu,peningkatan keparahan penyakit gugur daun Pestalotiopsis memiliki hubungan yang cukup kuat dengan penurunan indeks luas daun tanaman. Pada saat keparahan penyakit tinggi dan terjadi gugur daun, indeks luas daun menurun hingga mencapai 0,5.
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