PENGARUH FILLER BIOKARBON DAN CARBON BLACK TIPE N990 TERHADAP SIFAT DINAMIK KOMPOSIT KARET ALAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.jpk.v44i1.1253Abstract
Abstrak
Material viskoelastik berbasis karet alam (NR) sering digunakan dalam aplikasi peredaman getaran, sehingga membutuhkan sifat dinamis dan peredaman yang memadai. Perilaku dinamis dan peredaman getaran komposit NR yang diisi dengan biokarbon turunan biomassa dan karbon hitam N990 diteliti dalam studi ini sebagai respons terhadap pengaruh jenis dan kadar pengisi. Pengisi biokarbon disintesis dari pati singkong dan kayu asam jawa melalui pirolisis, diikuti dengan penggilingan bola. Pengisi ini kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam NR dengan kadar 15, 30, dan 50 phr. Pengujian geser dinamis dan Analisis Proses Karet (RPA) diimplementasikan untuk menilai sifat dinamis komposit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja dinamis komposit NR sangat dipengaruhi oleh jenis dan kadar pengisi. Kekakuan geser, modulus geser efektif, dan kapasitas peredaman getaran semuanya meningkat dengan peningkatan kadar pengisi. Dibandingkan dengan senyawa NR kosong, biokarbon pati singkong meningkatkan modulus geser kompleks sebesar 159% pada pemuatan 50 phr, sedangkan biokarbon kayu asam jawa meningkatkannya sebesar 109%. Karbon hitam N990 hanya menghasilkan peningkatan sebesar 62,5%. Rasio redaman yang sesuai pada 50 phr meningkat dari sekitar 0,35% untuk karbon hitam N990 menjadi 0,85% dan 1,35% untuk biokarbon pati singkong dan kayu asam jawa, masing-masing, menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan komposit yang diisi biokarbon untuk menghilangkan energi. Selain itu, penelitian dinamis menunjukkan bahwa sementara nilai delta tangen menurun, peningkatan frekuensi meningkatkan modulus elastis, modulus viskos, dan modulus geser kompleks. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pengisi biokarbon yang berasal dari biomassa dapat memberikan penguatan dan kinerja peredaman getaran yang lebih efektif daripada karbon hitam N990. Dengan demikian, biokarbon yang berasal dari kayu asam jawa dan pati singkong menunjukkan potensi sebagai alternatif parsial pengganti karbon hitam tipe N990 pada material peredam getaran berbasis karet alam yang lebih berkelanjutan.
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