EKSPLORASI BAKTERI ENDOFITIK DAN POTENSINYA DALAM PENGHAMBATAN JAMUR AKAR PUTIH (RIGIDOPORUS MICROPORUS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.jpk.v34i2.273Keywords:
Bakteri endofit, Jamur Akar Putih, identifikasi, penghambatan, R. MicroporusAbstract
Salah satu cara pengendalian jamur akar putih (JAP) yang memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan dimasa mendatang adalah secara biologi dengan memanfaatkan mikroba antagonis. Pada berbagai komoditas termasuk tanaman karet, bakteri endofitik antagonis telah dimanfaatkan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan patogen. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi, mengidentifikasi bakteri endofitik dari tanaman karet serta menguji potensinya sebagai antagonis terhadap Rigidoporus microporus. Lima isolat berhasil diisolasi dari tanaman sehat di areal endemik JAP (isolat A10, A14, A16) dan areal non endemik JAP (isolat GN1, GN2). Uji oposisi langsung menunjukkan isolat A10 memiliki zona penghambatan terbesar (0,3 cm) pada 4 hari setelah inokulasi dibandingkan isolat lainnya. Identifikasi secara molekuler berdasarkan sekuens gen parsial 16S rRNA dan gen gyrase subunit B terhadap isolat A10 adalah Bacillus cereus. Aktivitas enzim protease ditunjukkan oleh isolat A10 pada medium skim milk dan kemampuannya mencairkan gelatin pada hari keenam setelah inokulasi. Kemampuan menghambat filtrat ekstraseluler yang diuji dengan metode paper disk belum menunjukkan zona penghambatan yang konsisten pada tiap konsentrasi filtrat ekstraseluler yang diberikan. Pada hari ketiga setelah inokulasi (HSI) tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan. Pengujian lebih lanjut terhadap B. cereus isolat A10 perlu dipertimbangkan kembali karena potensi antagonismenya yang masih lemah terhadap R. microporus dan adanya potensi lain sebagai penyebab penyakit bagi manusia.
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